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Empress Liu (Chen dynasty)
Empress Liu (534–616), personal name Liu Jingyan (柳敬言), was an empress of the Chinese dynasty Chen Dynasty. Her husband was Emperor Xuan (Chen Xu).
== Background ==
Liu Jingyan was born in 534, when her father Liu Yan (柳偃) was a Liang Dynasty official. His wife was the Princess Changcheng, a daughter of Emperor Wu of Liang. (The traditional histories imply that she was the princess' daughter, but did not clearly state so.) Liu Yan came from a lineage of officials, as his grandfather Liu Shilong (柳世隆) was a key general under Emperor Gao of Southern Qi and Emperor Wu of Southern Qi, and his father Liu Yun (柳惲) was a Liang official. When Liu Yan died while being governor of Poyang Commandery (鄱陽, roughly modern Shangrao, Jiangxi), Liu Jingyan was eight, and as she had no older brothers (she had one younger brother, Liu Pan (柳盼)), she was said to have managed the affairs of the household as well as an adult could.〔There are some major problems with the dating of this event as described in the ''Book of Chen'', however. Empress Liu died in 616 (or possibly 615) and was said to be 82 at her death, making her birth year 534 (or possibly 533), making the year when she was eight 542. However, Liu Yan was said to have died during Emperor Jianwen of Liang's ''Dabao'' (大寶) era (550-551), when she would have been 16 or 17. It is possible, but hardly shown by clear and convincing evidence, that the ''Book of Chen'' could have mistaken Emperor Wu's ''Datong'' (大同) era (535-546) for ''Dabao''. It is also quite possible that the ''Book of Chen'' was erroneous about Liu Jingyan's age at the time of her father's death. According to Liu Yan's biography in the ''Book of Liang'', he died in 550. See ''Book of Liang'', vol. 21.〕 After the rebel general Hou Jing attacked the capital Jiankang in 548 and captured it in 549, Liu Jingyan and Liu Pan went to Jiangling to rely on the Princess Changcheng's brother Xiao Yi the Prince of Xiangdong. On account of the princess, Xiao Yi treated them with kindness.〔''Book of Chen'', vol. 7.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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